By Lucia Mutikani
WASHINGTON, April 6 (Reuters) – The number of Americans filing new claims for unemployment benefits fell last week, but annual revisions to the data showed applications were higher this year than initially thought, further evidence that the labor market was slowing.
With Thursday’s weekly jobless claims report, the Labor Department updated the methodology used to seasonally adjust the initial claims and the so-called continued claims data. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the unemployment insurance claims series used multiplicative factors to seasonally adjust the data.
Beginning in March 2020 that was changed to additive factors, before switching back to multiplicative models as the large effects of the pandemic on the claims series lessened.
“For consistency, the published seasonal factors are presented as multiplicative with additive factors converted to implicit multiplicative factors and will not be subject to revision,” the department said in a statement. “Now that the pandemic impacts on the UI claims series are clearer, modifications have been made to the outlier sets in the seasonal adjustment models for both of the claims series.”
It said this approach had resulted in larger-than-usual revisions during many weeks over the last five years.
Initial claims for state unemployment benefits dropped 18,000 to a seasonally adjusted 228,000 for the week ended April 1. Data for the prior week was revised to show 48,000 more applications received than previously reported.
Economists polled by Reuters had forecast 200,000 claims for the latest week. The government revised the claims data from 2018 through 2022.
It introduced new seasonal factors for 2023 and revised factors for 2018 through 2022. But it added that, “the most volatile economic period of the pandemic, including the period running from March 2020 to June 2021, was not revised and will continue to be based on additive adjustments.”
Economists had viewed pandemic-related distortions to seasonal factors as one of several factors keeping claims low despite high-profile layoffs in the technology industry and some sectors particularly sensitive to interest rates. Employers have generally been reluctant to send workers home after struggling to find labor following the COVID-19 pandemic.
“The good news is there are no additional job layoffs after the banking panic hit in early March, but the bad news is the labor market was starting to unravel from the strongest in history even before the bank crisis,” said Christopher Rupkey, chief economist at FWDBONDS in New York. “Today’s jobless claims data are an additional sign that the labor market is slowing.”
U.S. stocks opened lower. The dollar rose against a basket of currencies. U.S. Treasury yields were mixed.
LABOR MARKET LOOSENING
The labor market is expected to loosen up in the second quarter as companies respond more to slowing demand triggered by the Federal Reserve’s interest rate increases.
Credit conditions have also tightened following the recent failure of two regional banks, which could make it harder for small businesses and households to access funding.
Small businesses, like restaurants and bars, have been the main drivers of job growth. Surveys from the Institute for Supply Management this week suggested that the labor market was fraying at the edges.
The Labor Department reported on Tuesday that job openings fell below 10 million at the end of February for first time in nearly two years. Still, there were 1.7 job openings for every unemployed person in February, which is making it easier for some laid-off workers to quickly find employment.
The number of people receiving benefits after an initial week of aid, a proxy for hiring, rose 6,000 to 1.823 million during the week ending March 25, the claims report showed.
The claims data has no bearing on March’s employment report, which is scheduled to be released on Friday. According to a Reuters survey of economists, nonfarm payrolls likely increased by 239,000 jobs in March after rising by 311,000 in February. The unemployment rate is forecast to be unchanged at 3.6%.
Cooling labor market conditions could allow the Fed to halt its fastest interest rate hiking cycle since the 1980s.
The U.S. central bank last month raised its benchmark overnight interest rate by a quarter of a percentage point, but indicated it was on the verge of pausing further rate hikes due to financial market turmoil. The Fed has hiked its policy rate by 475 basis points since last March from the near-zero level to the current 4.75%-5.00% range.
Signs that the labor market was losing speed were underscored by a separate report on Thursday from global outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas that showed U.S.-based employers announced 89,703 job cuts in March, up 15% from February. Layoffs jumped 319% on a year-on-year basis last month and were concentrated in the technology industry.
Layoffs this year have been blamed on a range of factors, including market or economic conditions, cost-cutting, store or department closures as well as financial loss. Businesses also have had little desire to add workers.
“With rate hikes continuing and companies reigning in costs, the large-scale layoffs we are seeing will likely continue,” said Andrew Challenger, senior vice president at Challenger, Gray & Christmas.
(Reporting by Lucia Mutikani; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama and Paul Simao)
((Lucia.Mutikani@thomsonreuters.com.net))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
